谁嫁给了Cleopatra VII？

Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator (Koine Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Θεά Φιλοπάτωρ, lit. 'Cleopatra father-loving goddess'; 70/69 BC – 10 or 12 August 30 BC) was Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC, and the last active Hellenistic pharaoh. A member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, she was a descendant of its founder Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian Greek general and companion of Alexander the Great. Her first language was Koine Greek, and she is the only Ptolemaic ruler known to have learned the Egyptian language, among several others. After her death, Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire, marking the end of the Hellenistic period in the Mediterranean, which had begun during the reign of Alexander (336–323 BC).

Born in Alexandria, Cleopatra was the daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes, who named her his heir before his death in 51 BC. Cleopatra began her reign alongside her brother Ptolemy XIII, but a falling-out between them led to a civil war. Roman statesman Pompey fled to Egypt after losing the 48 BC Battle of Pharsalus against his rival Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator, in Caesar's civil war. Pompey had been a political ally of Ptolemy XII, but Ptolemy XIII had him ambushed and killed before Caesar arrived and occupied Alexandria. Caesar then attempted to reconcile the rival Ptolemaic siblings, but Ptolemy XIII's forces besieged Cleopatra and Caesar at the palace. Shortly after the siege was lifted by reinforcements, Ptolemy XIII died in the Battle of the Nile. Caesar declared Cleopatra and her brother Ptolemy XIV joint rulers, and maintained a private affair with Cleopatra which produced a son, Caesarion. Cleopatra traveled to Rome as a client queen in 46 and 44 BC, where she stayed at Caesar's villa. After Caesar's assassination, followed shortly afterwards by the sudden death of Ptolemy XIV (possibly murdered on Cleopatra's order), she named Caesarion co-ruler as Ptolemy XV.

In the Liberators' civil war of 43–42 BC, Cleopatra sided with the Roman Second Triumvirate formed by Caesar's heir Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. After their meeting at Tarsos in 41 BC, the queen had an affair with Antony, which produced three children. Antony became increasingly reliant on Cleopatra for both funding and military aid during his invasions of the Parthian Empire and the Kingdom of Armenia. The Donations of Alexandria declared their children rulers over various territories under Antony's authority. Octavian portrayed this event as an act of treason, forced Antony's allies in the Roman Senate to flee Rome in 32 BC, and declared war on Cleopatra. After defeating Antony and Cleopatra's naval fleet at the 31 BC Battle of Actium, Octavian's forces invaded Egypt in 30 BC and defeated Antony, who committed suicide. After his death, Cleopatra reportedly killed herself, probably by poisoning, to avoid being publicly displayed by Octavian in a Roman triumphal procession.

Cleopatra's legacy survives in ancient and modern works of art. Roman historiography and Latin poetry produced a generally critical view of the queen that pervaded later Medieval and Renaissance literature. In the visual arts, her ancient depictions include Roman busts, paintings, sculptures, cameo carvings and glass, Ptolemaic and Roman coinage, and reliefs. In Renaissance and Baroque art, she was the subject of many works including operas, paintings, poetry, sculptures, and theatrical dramas. She has become a pop culture icon of Egyptomania since the Victorian era, and in modern times has appeared in the applied and fine arts, burlesque satire, Hollywood films, and brand images for commercial products.

Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator (Ancient Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Θεός Φιλοπάτωρ, Ptolemaĩos; c. 62 BC – 13 January 47 BC) was Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 47 BC, and one of the last members of the Ptolemaic dynasty (305–30 BC). He was the son of Ptolemy XII and the brother of and co-ruler with Cleopatra VII. Cleopatra's exit from Egypt caused a civil war to break out between the pharaohs. Ptolemy later ruled jointly with his other sister, Arsinoe IV.

托勒密十四世·忒奥斯·菲罗帕托（希臘語：Πτολεμαίος ο Θεος ή Φιλοπάτωρ；Θεος意为“神”，Φιλοπάτωρ意为“笃爱父亲的”；前60年或前59年–前44年），古埃及托勒密王朝国王（前47年–前44年在位）。

托勒密十四世是托勒密十二世（吹笛者）的儿子，克麗奧佩脫拉七世的弟弟，与后者同属托勒密王朝的最后一代。在克麗奥佩脫拉的丈夫和共治者托勒密十三世于前47年死于逃亡之后（由于尤利乌斯·凱撒的追杀），托勒密十四世被克麗奥佩脫拉宣布为共治者。当然，实际权力掌握在克麗奥佩脫拉七世手里，而后者又受到其情夫和保护人尤利乌斯·凱撒的影响。作为传统的一部分，克麗奥佩脫拉七世嫁给了自己的弟弟托勒密十四世，同时又继续充当凱撒的情妇。在其整个在位时期，托勒密十四世都只是名义上的统治者。前46年克麗奥佩脫拉七世访问罗马时，托勒密十四世也被迫随行。

前44年罗马发生了重大的政治变动，尤利乌斯·凱撒被共和派的元老们刺杀。在凱撒死后不久，托勒密十四世也突然死亡。古文献最后提到他在世的时间是前44年6月26日。普遍怀疑是克麗奧佩脫拉毒死了托勒密十四世，目的是让她与凱撒的私生子凱撒里昂（即托勒密十五世）登上王位。

马克·安东尼（拉丁語：Marcus Antonius，前83年1月14日—前30年8月1日），古罗马政治家和军事家，出生于罗马。他是凯撒最重要的军队指挥官和管理人员之一。凯撒被刺后，他与屋大维和雷必达一起组成了后三头同盟。前33年后三头同盟分裂，前30年马克·安东尼敗於屋大維，与埃及女王克麗奧佩脫拉七世先後自杀身亡。